Showing posts from January, 2017
Meaning and Definition of Organisation: We live in the age of organisations. Modern civilization requires large aggressions of people working together to produce the goods and services efficiently. Organisations are grand strate…
Group Cohesiveness: The termcohesiveness implies solidarity. Group cohesiveness may be characterized by the situation in which all members of the group work together to achieve a common goal or where every one takes responsibili…
From times immemorial, man has lived in a social system (a large group), and the family (a small group) is an integral part of it. On this earth, there are groups, large or small, which influence our social system, social relatio…
Different management scholars to explain how behaviour is energized, gets started, sustained, directed or stopped have propounded several theories. Maslow’s Needs Hierarchy Theory Maslow’s need priority model is one of the most w…
Meaning and Definition of Motivation: Success at work is not a matter of only technical expertise but also dependent on the interest of the worker. Creating interest in people to give their best to the work and the workplace is …
A control system is a deliberate creation, not an automatic phenomenon. Through different organisations may design their control systems according to their unique and special characteristics or conditions, yet in designing a good…
The major benefits of a good control system may enlisted as follow: 1. Stimulates Action A good control system stimulates action by spotting the significant deviations from the original plan and by highlighting them for the peopl…
Control: Control is necessary function to make all other managerial functions effective. Its ensures that the corporate goals are achieved effectively and efficiently. Controlling is the process that the corporate goals are achi…
The evidences indicate that spans of control cannot be stated in absolute terms as done by the classical scholars. There is no correct span for all situations. The predominant current view is to look for the causes of limited spa…
Meaning of Span of Management: The term Span of Management is also known as Span of Control or Span of Authority or Span of Supervision. Simply stated Span of Management means the number of subordinates that a manager can effect…
Internal Environment: The part or level of an organisation’s total environment that exists inside the organisation and usually has immediate and specific implications for managing the organisation is called the internal environm…
Environment: Organisations are not island in themselves they function neither in isolation nor in vacuum. They are part of a society and exist in association with their environment, i.e., certain facts surrounding various situat…
Policy formation is a creative and analytical phase of planning. It is based on the underlying objectives of the organisation. Policy formulation process involves various steps or activities and their analysis in order arrive at …
A number of policies are used in an enterprise in order to attain the organizational objectives. Policies may be classified as follows: (A) On the Basis of Source According to their source, origin or emergence, policies may be of…
Meaning and Definition of Policy: A policy is a general statement that guides thinking, action and decision making of managers for the successful achievement or organizational objectives Policies define the limits within which d…
The most common bases upon which decisions are made are, fact experience, intuition and authority. The decision itself is concerned with the achievement of an objective. Bridging the gap between the basis for the decision and the…
Decision making may be reviewed as the process of selecting a course of action from among several alternatives in order to accomplish a desired result. The purpose of decision making is to direct human behaviour and commitment to…
In spite of its many advantages, the Management by Objectives has some weaknesses as follows: 1. Unfavourable Attitude of Managers Some managers have an attitude that the regular attention required of them by Management by Object…
The marketing process performs certain activities as the goods or services move from producer to consumer. Every firm does not perform all these activities or jobs. However, any company that wants to operate its marketing system …
